So what we will be using is one NOT gate and one AND gate, we will put the NOT gate infant of the Flame sensor, and then the AND gate will connect the result of the NOT gate with the result of the Infra red sensor.<\/p>\n
Disclaimer:<\/strong> If you don’t know resistor color codings to find correct resistors then you can click the link bellow<\/strong><\/p>\n We will be focusing on our logic circuit as a separate piece first and worry about the sensors and GPIO part later.<\/p>\n I used\u00a0IC74HC08N<\/strong> for the AND gate circuit which has 4 separate AND gates in it and I used\u00a0IC74HC04N<\/strong> for the NOT gate which has 6 separate NOT gates in it.<\/p>\n Click here for more explanations on gates and suggestion of other gates that is good to have in your collection.<\/a><\/p>\n So this here is how our logic circuit would look like:<\/p>\n The circuits I used \u00a0had multiple gates in them but we only use one in each. You could use them all if you wanted.<\/p>\n Point marked as\u00a02\u00a0will go to the Infrared sensor, point marked as 3 will go to the Flame sensor, and Point marked number one will go to GPIO pin on the Raspberry PI. Red 5V will go to 5V and Blue will go to ground.<\/p>\n The outputs from the gates can be up to 5V so we have to use resistors before sending the result back to the Raspberry PI GPIO.<\/p>\n TTL gates usually are as follows:<\/p>\n Input: 0 V to 0,8V for LOW, and 2 to 5V for HIGH<\/p>\n Output: 0 V to 0,5 V for LOW and 2,7V to 5V for HIGH<\/p>\n For CMOS gate then values can be more like:<\/p>\n Input: 0 V to 1,5V for LOW, and 3,5\u00a0to 5V for HIGH<\/p>\n Output: 0 V to 0,05 V for LOW and 4,95V to 5V for HIGH<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n We apply same method as we used in the Ultrasonic examples to calculate the Resistors. \u00a0R1 was chosen as 1K, so R2 is calculated as:<\/p>\n 3,3 = 5 * (1000 \/ (R + 1000)) For the inputs into the Logic gates from the Flame sensor and Infra red sensor we will risk that high and low fall in between the TTL spec shown above for Input of gates. If it does not then we would need to probably work around it with some transistors.<\/p>\n On a mini breadboard this circuit will look like this:<\/p>\n At top you can see the wires that will go to the main board. (or directly to the sensors)<\/p>\n Red: +5V Once this is done then all we will have to do is to connect the Red, White, Green, Yellow and Blue wires to the main board which will have the Cobbler and the sensors.<\/p>\n If you are not familiar with breadboards and placement of the cobbler then check this link out.<\/a><\/p>\n Note since we had so many blue and red wires then I connected the Reds and blue to the Voltage rail on the breadboard.<\/p>\n The white wire got connected to GPIO 5.<\/p>\n Here we just use exactly same code as for the Infrared sensor guide<\/a>. (Using the Interrupt version of it)<\/em><\/p>\n When using interrupts then we must be really careful to not call anything from within the interrupt since Xojo does not support that. So the idea is we have a safe function that only logs the interrupt then we poll the log. That way event is never lost and timer or whatever method you use to poll does not need to be very intensive.<\/p>\n We just have a Window here with one Listbox on it and one Timer. You can set the Timer to 1000 or maybe 500 depending on what responsiveness your looking for.<\/p>\n The open event of the Window:<\/strong><\/p>\n The timer action event:<\/strong><\/p>\n We create a module called InteruptModule, the Module has one property and one method:<\/strong><\/p>\n We need to patch Paul\u2019s GPIO module, adding the following to the module (the function we are adding\u00a0likely already exists but is not fully implemented so verify that or just blindly override it) and remember to add the four constants also:<\/p>\n Run it with sudo to get admin mode to get full access to GPIO.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n When running it then we got record in the listbox whenever the flame sensor detected fire and the infrared sensor detected a human.<\/p>\n In this guide we are going to learn how to use logic gates. \u00a0Even if you can usually do things by just taking more GPIO pins and do the logic in a code then there will be times you may want to do things in hardware. For example you might have sensor that does some … Continue reading Using logic gates<\/span>
\nWe do not take any responsibility for possible errors in the guide or errors that you might do wiring it up. Incorrect wiring can result in damaged sensor or damaged Raspberry PI.<\/p>\nPieces we use in this example:<\/h2>\n
\n
\n
Putting it all together:<\/h2>\n
![\"LogicCircuits\"](\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/einhugur.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/LogicCircuits.png?resize=474%2C300&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\n
\n0.66 = \u00a0(1000 \/ (R + 1000))
\n0.66R +\u00a0660 = 1000
\n0.66R = 340
\nR2 = 515 Ohm, nearest one with higher value I had was 560 Ohm which I used.<\/p>\n![\"LogicCircuitsBB\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/einhugur.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/LogicCircuitsBB.png?resize=451%2C381&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\n
\nBlue: GND
\nWhite: GPIO
\nGreen: Infrared sensor
\nYellow: Flame sensor<\/em><\/p>\n![\"LogicWithBreadBoard\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/einhugur.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/LogicWithBreadBoard.png?resize=474%2C472&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\n![\"GPIO](\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/einhugur.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/GPIO-Header-152x300.png?resize=152%2C300&ssl=1\")
<\/a><\/p>\nThe Xojo code:<\/h3>\n
Sub<\/span> Open(<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n GPIO.<\/span>PinMode<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>,GPIO.<\/span>INPUT<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n GPIO.<\/span>PullUpDnControl<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>,GPIO.<\/span>PUD_DOWN<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\n if<\/span> GPIO.<\/span>WIringPiISR<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>,GPIO.<\/span>EDGE_RISING<\/span>, AddressOf<\/span> InteruptModule.<\/span>SensorInterupt<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> -<\/span>1<\/span> then<\/span>\r\n MsgBox \"Could not register interupt for pin number 5\"<\/span>\r\n return<\/span>\r\n end<\/span> if<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\n Timer1.<\/span>Mode<\/span> =<\/span> Timer.<\/span>ModeMultiple<\/span>\r\nEnd<\/span> Sub<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nSub<\/span> Action(<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n If<\/span> InteruptModule.<\/span>DetectionCount<\/span> > 0<\/span> then<\/span>\r\n Listbox1.<\/span>AddRow<\/span>(<\/span>\"Motion detected\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\n InteruptModule.<\/span>DetectionCount<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n end<\/span> if<\/span>\r\nEnd<\/span> Sub<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nProtected<\/span> DetectionCount As<\/span> Integer<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\nProtected<\/span> Sub<\/span> SensorInterupt(<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n \/\/ We need some pragmas here to make this safe since this is called from interupt.<\/span>\r\n #Pragma<\/span> StackOverflowChecking False<\/span>\r\n #Pragma<\/span> DisableBackgroundTasks\r\n\u00a0\r\n \/\/ We only count the events here.<\/span>\r\n DetectionCount =<\/span> DetectionCount +<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\nEnd<\/span> Sub<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nProtected<\/span> Const<\/span> EDGE_FALLING =<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\nProtected<\/span> Const<\/span> EDGE_BOTH =<\/span> 3<\/span>\r\nProtected<\/span> Const<\/span> EDGE_RISING =<\/span> 2<\/span>\r\nProtected<\/span> Const<\/span> EDGE_SETUP =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\nProtected<\/span> Function<\/span> WIringPiISR(<\/span>pin as<\/span> integer<\/span>,edgeType as<\/span> integer<\/span>, p as<\/span> ptr<\/span>)<\/span> As<\/span> Integer<\/span>\r\n \/\/This function registers a function to received interrupts on the specified pin.<\/span>\r\n \/\/ The edgeType parameter is either INT_EDGE_FALLING, INT_EDGE_RISING,<\/span>\r\n \/\/ INT_EDGE_BOTH or INT_EDGE_SETUP. If it is INT_EDGE_SETUP then no<\/span>\r\n \/\/ initialisation of the pin will happen \u2013 it\u2019s assumed that you have already<\/span>\r\n \/\/ setup the pin elsewhere (e.g. with the gpio program), but if you specify one<\/span>\r\n \/\/ of the other types, then the pin will be exported and initialised as specified.<\/span>\r\n \/\/ This is accomplished via a suitable call to the gpio utility program,<\/span>\r\n \/\/ so it need to be available.<\/span>\r\n \/\/<\/span>\r\n \/\/ The pin number is supplied in the current mode \u2013 native wiringPi, BCM_GPIO,<\/span>\r\n \/\/ physical or Sys modes.<\/span>\r\n \/\/<\/span>\r\n \/\/ This function will work in any mode, and does not need root privileges to work.<\/span>\r\n \/\/<\/span>\r\n \/\/ The function will be called when the interrupt triggers.<\/span>\r\n \/\/ When it is triggered, it\u2019s cleared in the dispatcher before calling your<\/span>\r\n \/\/ function, so if a subsequent interrupt fires before you finish your handler,<\/span>\r\n \/\/ then it won\u2019t be missed. (However it can only track one more interrupt,<\/span>\r\n \/\/ if more than one interrupt fires while one is being handled then they will be ignored)<\/span>\r\n \/\/<\/span>\r\n \/\/ This function is run at a high priority (if the program is run<\/span>\r\n \/\/ using sudo, or as root) and executes concurrently with the main program.<\/span>\r\n \/\/ It has full access to all the global variables, open file handles and so on.<\/span>\r\n \/\/<\/span>\r\n \/\/ See the isr.c example program for more details on how to use this feature.<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\n\u00a0\r\n #If<\/span> TargetARM And<\/span> TargetLinux Then<\/span>\r\n Soft<\/span> Declare<\/span> Function<\/span> wpISR Lib<\/span> \"libwiringPi.so\"<\/span> Alias \"wiringPiISR\"<\/span> (<\/span>pin As<\/span> Integer<\/span>, mode As<\/span> Integer<\/span>, p as<\/span> ptr<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> Integer<\/span>\r\n return<\/span> wpISR(<\/span>pin, edgeType,p)<\/span>\r\n #Endif<\/span>\r\n\u00a0\r\nEnd<\/span> Function<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/g04.a.alicdn.com\/kf\/HTB14YxAHFXXXXbEXFXXq6xXFXXXS\/1-4w-font-b-resistors-b-font-pack-121-values-x-20pcs-2420pcs-0-33-4.jpg_220x220.jpg?w=474\")
AliExpress.com Product - Carbon film resistor assorted kit 0.33 ohm - 4.7M ohm 1\/4w 5% tolerance commonly used 122 values 20x 122= 2440pcs<\/span><\/a>
\n<\/code><\/p>\n
\n![](\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/g03.a.alicdn.com\/kf\/HTB1g.ZcIpXXXXbCXpXXq6xXFXXXA\/15Values-TO-92-Transistor-Assorted-Kit-S9012-S9013-S9014-S8050-S8550-font-b-2N3904-b-font.jpg_220x220.jpg?w=474\"){kind=spacer}
AliExpress.com Product - 15Values TO-92 Transistor Assorted Kit S9012 S9013 S9014 S8050 S8550 2N3904 2N3906 BC327 BC337 Tl431 A42 A92 A1015 C1815 13001<\/span><\/a>
\n<\/code><\/p>\n
\n![](\"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/g02.a.alicdn.com\/kf\/HTB1nynvHVXXXXaiXFXXq6xXFXXXQ\/6pcs-font-b-mini-b-font-solderless-prototype-font-b-breadboard-b-font-protoboard-170-tie.jpg_220x220.jpg?w=474\")
AliExpress.com Product - 5 piece mini solderless prototype breadboard \/ protoboard 170 tie points 45.7mm x 34.5mm<\/span><\/a>
\n<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"